Air purifier

Air purifier - An air purifier is a device which removes contaminants from the air. These devices are commonly marketed as beneficial for people suffering from allergies and asthma, and reduce or eliminate tobacco smoke. Air purifiers commercial quality are manufactured either as small autonomous units or larger units that can be attached to the air handling unit (CTA) or HVAC units found in the medical industry, industrial and commercial.

Use and benefits of purifiers

Dust, pollen, pet dander, mold spores and dust mite feces can act as allergens, causing allergies in sensitive individuals. Smoke particles and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can pose a risk to health. Exposure to various components such as VOCs increases the likelihood of experiencing symptoms of sick building syndrome.  In addition, with the advancement of technology [unintelligible], air purifiers are becoming increasingly capable of capturing more bacteria, viruses and DNA damaging particles [citation needed] The purifiers air are used to reduce the concentration of contaminants in the air and can be beneficial for people who suffer from allergies and asthma ..

Purify technical

    Germs ultraviolet irradiation - UVGI can be used to sterilize the air that passes through the UV lamps forced air. Air purification systems can be independent units UVGI with UV lamps shielded using a fan to force air past the UV light. Other systems are installed in forced air systems so that traffic moving when micro-organisms through the lights. The key to this form of sterilization is placement of the UV lamps and a good filtration system to remove micro-organisms die. For example, forced air systems by design impede line of sight, thus creating the environment that will be shaded against UV rays. However, the UV lamp is placed in the coil and the cooling system will drainpan microorganisms to form in damp course. The most effective method for treatment of the air coil is online, the conduit system, the system is placed in the middle of the track and parallel to the air flow.

    Filter - traps based purification of airborne particles by size exclusion. Air is forced through the filter and the particles are captured by the filter physically.

    HEPA filters remove at least 99.97% of particles 0.3 microns and generally more effective for larger particles. HEPA purifiers which filter all incoming air in a clean room should be arranged so that the air passes through a HEPA filter. In dusty environments, a HEPA filter may follow easy to clean classic (pre-filter) which removes coarse dirt so that the HEPA filter should be cleaned or replaced less frequently. HEPA filters do not generate ozone or harmful byproducts.

    HVAC filter MERV 14 rating or above to eliminate airborne particles 0.3 microns or larger. High MERV 14 filter has a capture rate of at least 75% of the particles between 0.3 to 1.0 micrometers. Despite the arrest rate is lower than MERV filters with HEPA filters, central air conditioning system can move much more air in the same period. Using high quality MERV filter can be more effective than the use of a high-powered HEPA machine at a fraction of the initial investment. Unfortunately, most of the furnace filters slid into place without a seal, which allows air to pass through the filter. The problem is worse for high efficiency MERV filters because of the increased air resistance. High efficiency MERV filters are usually denser and increase air resistance in the central system, which requires a reduction in air pressure above and rising energy costs accordingly.

    The activated carbon is a porous material that can absorb volatile chemicals that are molecularly, but do not eliminate the larger particles. Adsorption process for the use of activated carbon must reach equilibrium so that it can be difficult to completely eliminate contaminants.  The activated carbon is the process of changing contaminants from the gas phase to the solid phase, where contaminants may be disturbed or aggravated regenerated in indoor air sources . Activated charcoal may be used at room temperature and has a long history of commercial use. It is generally used in conjunction with other filter technology, especially with HEPA. Other materials can also absorb chemicals, but with higher costs.

    Polarized-Media Electronic Air Filters actively using electronic media improved to incorporate elements of crossover both mechanical and electronic air cleaners. Most Polarized-Media Electronic Air Filters convert the DC 24-volt safety voltage to create an electric field polarized. Suspended particles are polarized as they pass through an electric field and adhere to the fiber media pad wear. Ultra-fine particles (UFPS) were not collected on their initial pass through the buffer polarized media and other particles clumping, odor and VOC molecules and collected the next trajectory. Media-polarized efficiency electronic air filters increases as the load, ensure high efficiency filtration with air resistance is generally at or below the crossover. Polarized media technology is non-ionizing which means no Ozone is produced.

    Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) is a new technology in the HVAC industry.  In addition to the prospect of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) benefits, has added the ability to limit the entry of unconditioned air into the building, thus offering the possibility of energy savings compared to previous prescriptive models. In May 2009,   no concerns raised by more questionable data Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory that PCO may significantly increase the amount of formaldehyde in real indoor environments.  Like other technologies, the principles of good governance that will be used by the designer for HVAC ensure the proper application of technology. Photocatalytic oxidation system can completely oxidize and degrade organic contaminants. For example, volatile organic compounds, low concentrations of a few hundred ppmv or less are more likely to actually oxidized.  (PCO) used for short-wave ultraviolet light (UV-C), commonly used for sterilization, to feed the catalyst (usually titanium dioxide (TiO2) [9]) and oxidizing bacteria and viruses . BCP led units can be mounted to a forced air system HVAC. BCP is not filtering technology, because it does not trap or remove particles. It is sometimes associated with other filtering technologies for air purification. UV sterilization lamp should be replaced once a year, manufacturers may require periodic replacement as the warranty conditions. Photocatalytic oxidation systems often have high commercial costs.

    Ionizer purifiers use electrical or charged surfaces of the needles of generating air or electrically charged gas ions. Ions attach to airborne particles are then electrostatically attracted to a charged collector plates. This mechanism produces trace amounts of ozone and other oxidants as by-products  Most ionizers produce less than 0.05 ppm ozone, industrial safety standards .. There are two major subdivisions: the fanless ionizer fan-based ionizer. Ionizers are noiseless and use little energy fan, but the air purification less effective. Fan-based ionizers clean and distribute air more quickly. Permanently installed in the house and industrial purifier called electrostatic dust.

    Ozone generators produce ozone, and is sometimes sold as any air purifier home. Unlike ionizers, ozone generators are designed to produce large amounts of ozone, a strong oxidant gas which can oxidize other chemicals. Use only shielded from ozone generator in unoccupied rooms, using a shock treatment "" commercial ozone generators that produce over 3000 mg of ozone per hour. Restoration contractors use this type ozone generators to remove smoke odors after fire damage, musty smells after flooding, mold (including toxic molds), and odors caused by decaying flesh which can not be removed by bleach or anything else except for ozone. However, it is not healthy to breathe ozone gas, and should be cautious when buying an air purifier that also produces ozone.

    Titanium dioxide (TiO2) technology - TiO2 nanoparticles and the calcium carbonate to neutralize the acid gas that can be absorbed in the mixed paint a little porous. Photocatalysis initiate decomposition of the contaminants of the air at the surface

Bio-artificial liver device

Bio-artificial liver device - The purpose of BAL-type device, this time, not permanently replace the function of the liver, but to serve as a support device , both allow the liver to regenerate in acute liver failure or to meet the individual liver functions until a transplant is possible.

Function

Bals essentially bioreactors with hepatocytes (liver cells embedded) performing normal hepatic function. They treat the plasma oxygenated blood, which is separated from other blood components  Several types of Bals are being developed, including a system of hollow fiber and flat sheet membrane system ..
Hollow fiber system

A similar type system BAL kidney dialysis using hollow fiber cartridge. Hepatocytes suspended in a gel solution, such as collagen, which is injected into a series of hollow fibers. In the case of collagen, the suspension was then gel fibers, usually with changes in temperature. Hepatocytes then signed their attachment gel with a collagen matrix, which reduces the volume of the suspension and to create a flow through the fibers. Nutrition media flow through the fiber to maintain the cells. During use, the plasma removed from the patient's blood. Plasma of patients included in the space surrounding the fiber. Fibers, which consists of a semipermeable membrane, which facilitates the transfer of toxins, nutrients and other chemicals between the blood and the cells are suspended. These membranes also allows the body's immunity, such as immunoglobulins, pass into cells to avoid immune rejection.
Comparison with the kidney dialysis

The advantage of using BAL, other dialysis device type (kidney dialysis, for example), is that the metabolic functions (such as plasma lipid and lipoprotein synthesis, regulation of homeostasis carbohydrate production of serum albumin and clotting factors, etc.), in addition to detoxification, may be reproduced without using multiple devices. Although there are several BAL devices currently in clinical trials.

A series of studies in 2004 showed that the mortality reduction by BAL approximately half of the cases of acute liver failure . The study, which included 171 patients in the United States and Europe, compared to standard care supporting the use of bioreactor cells from pig liver.

Membrane oxygenator is a device

Membrane oxygenator - A membrane oxygenator is a device used to add oxygen to and remove carbon dioxide from the blood. It can be used in two main ways: to mimic the function of the lungs in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and oxygenate the blood in maintaining the long-term life, called extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, ECMO. A membrane oxygenator is a thin membrane permeable to gases between blood and gas flow in the CPB circuit, oxygen diffuses from the blood gas, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the exhaust gases.

History
The history of the oxygenator, or artificial lung, dates back to 1885, with the first demonstration of a disc oxygenator, in which the blood is exposed to the atmosphere on rotating discs by von Frey and Gruber  is a pioneer noted the danger of blood, foam and freezing. In the 1920s and 30s, research in the ongoing development extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Work independently, in the Soviet Union Brukhonenko John Heysham Gibbon and the United States has demonstrated the feasibility of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Brukhonenko with dog lungs using a cutting drum while Gibbon oxygenator type of direct contact, cats infusion up to 25 minutes in 1930

Gibbon praised the pioneering work in May 1953 with the first successful bypass surgery cardiopulmonary . Oxygenator is a type of film strip, where the films exposed to oxygen of the blood as it flows through a series of stainless steel plates.

The disadvantage of direct contact between blood and air were well known, and less traumatic membrane oxygenator has been developed to respond. Membrane artificial lungs first demonstrated in 1955 by a group led by Willem Kolff  and in 1956, the first membrane oxygenator disposable eliminated the need for time to clean before reuse . The patent was filed as Kolff believes that doctors should make technology accessible to all, without thinking about profit. [Citation needed]

The lungs are made early use of relatively impermeable polyethylene or Teflon membrane homogeneous, and it took more than a membrane permeable silicone rubber was introduced in 1960 (and a hollow fiber in 1971) that the oxygenator membrane commercial success  . The introduction of microporous hollow fibers with an extremely low resistance to mass transfer revolutionize the design of the membrane module as a limiting factor in the performance of a blood oxygenator resistance . Latest design of the oxygenator typically use extraluminal flow regime, in which the blood flows from the hollow fiber filled with gas, to support life in the short term, while the homogeneous membrane approved for long term use .

World's First, Organ Transplant Patients with 5 Babies Healthy Childbirth

World's First, Organ Transplant Patients with 5 Babies Healthy Childbirth - Fatema Al Ansari have undergone organ transplants, 5 in 2007. Now is making history in the world of medicine, having given birth to a healthy baby, February 26. This is the first time ever, patients with organ transplantation from 5 to give birth to healthy babies.

Birth Alkadi Alhayal at Jackson Memorial Hospital on February 26 and make history in the world of medicine. As Alkadi is the first healthy baby born to a mother with a transplant of organs 5.

"This is the first time in the world. We searched the medical literature, all records in the world," said Dr. Salih Yasin, a gynecologist at the UM / Jackson Memorial Hospital, as reported NBCMiami, Thursday (14.03.2013).

The child's mother, Fatema Al Ansari has undergone five organ transplant in Jackson Memorial Hospital in Miami, in 2007. 5 organs ie intestine liver, pancreas, stomach, colon and small has been replaced with a new body.

After the transplant, she and her husband are from Qatar, returned to the hospital to undergo IVF (in vitro fertilization) or test tube baby. He got close monitoring by the transplant team during high-risk pregnancies.

"The focus of the system is how the body will be able to take care of the pregnancy weight and how his body will react organs during pregnancy and beyond," said Dr. Yasin.

Al Ansari experiencing physical discomfort during pregnancy, but had no other complications. And in February, Al Ansari eventually led to the conditions of a healthy baby and mother.

This woman was very grateful to her husband, who had been with him for years since he was ill in 2007 and now finally give birth to healthy babies.

Now they hope to give sister for Alkadi in the near future. Doctors UM / Jackson Memorial Hospital also plans to publish details of this case in a medical journal.